NAVALE ET COMMERCIALE HAVRAISE PÉNINSULAIRE.

At Ville de Valance’s launch on 30 August 1882, the described flag has dots after the letters. Their precise shapes remain uncertain. Lloyd Reedereiflaggen attributes it to Société d’Exploitation de la Cie. Havraise Péninsulaire de Navigation à Vapeur; Mitchell uses that name for the Ville de Manakara funnel while noting the later Navale et Commercial Havraise Péninsulaire name.

Talbot-Booth and Harnack omit dots after the flag letters. Merchant Ships 1942, 1944 and 1949 show a broad funnel band, supported by a black-and-white photograph of Ville de Tamatave. Rosanoski presumes that the band subsequently narrowed with smaller funnels.

This design was retained from the preceding company name. Most sources include dots after the letters, but Nüsse’s table flag does not. The funnel band may be wider than illustrated. An Ile de la Reunion photograph confirms the flag.

Bakker’s FOTW flag follows Scott’s 1959 Caltex book.