DEUTSCH-AMERIKANISCHE PETROLEUM GESELLSCHAFT.

Gluckauf in 1886 is recorded with a black combined DAP monogram, the A larger than the other letters. No flag is recorded for that stage.

This funnel and flag were adopted a few years later. R stands for W.A. Riedemann, a leading figure in the company’s formation; his Waried operation used a similar livery.

The funnel is also a Waried variant; Jordan’s lack of an alternative suggests its use by DAPG. The FOTW flag variant, with a shorter R, is blue-yellow-red vertically, with red R in the yellow stripe, following the 1897 Deicken and Behrmann supplement.

The FOTW description gives a black-yellow-red vertical tricolour with a large red R in the yellow band, linked to Lloyds 1912 number 653. An earlier comment says blue rather than black; Rosanoski questions whether this was a misquotation or a later alteration. The quoted Loughran account explains R as Riedemann and says that, after Esso’s mark replaced his on the ships, the flag continued for years and occasionally thereafter in his memory.