NMR Spectroscopy


Predict the number of peaks and their relative intensities that would be observed for the indicated nuclei due to J coupling for the following molecules. List the intensities using the smallest whole number ratios that cannot be further reduced (i.e., no fractions or decimal numbers). Round natural abundance values to the nearest whole number to simplify the problems.
1. 71Ga: GaH4−
2. 1H: HF
3. 19F: SnF4
4. 1H: NH4+
5. 1H: CH4
6. 13C: CSe2
7. 1H: AlH4−
8. 13C: CD2Cl2
9. 31P: PF6−
10. 19F: TlF
11. 1H{13C}: CH3CH2Cl
12. 19F: GaF4−
13. 31P{1H,13C}: Pt(PPh3)4
14. 13C: CD4
15. 19F: AgF
16. 13C: W(CO)6
17. 31P{1H,13C}: [P(PEt3)2]+
18. 31P: Cu(PMe3)42+
19. 2H: BD4−
20. 183W: W(dppe)32+
21. 31P: SePMe3
22. 1H{13C}: ClCH(CH3)2
23. 19F{1H,13C}: Me2SiF2
24. 31P{1H,13C}: cis-PtF2(PPh3)2
25. 15N: ND3
26. 31P{1H}: RhCl(PPh3)3
27. 1H{13C}: Cl2CHCH3
28. 31P{1H,13C}: P(Si(CH3)3)2+

 

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Solutions


  
1. 71Ga: GaH4−

1H: 100% spin = 1/2

4 × spin = 1/2 neighbours



5 peaks (1:4:6:4:1)
   
   
  
2. 1H: HF

19F: 100% spin = 1/2

1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour



2 peaks (1:1)
   
   
  
3. 19F: SnF4

117Sn: 8% spin = 1/2
119Sn: 9% spin = 1/2
other Sn: 83% spin = 0

1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (9%, largest coupling)
1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (8%, smallest coupling)
1 × spin = 0 neighbour (83%, no coupling)



5 peaks (9:8:166:8:9)
   
   
  
4. 1H: NH4+

14N: 100% spin = 1

1 × spin = 1 neighbour
2nI + 1 = 2(1)(1) + 1 = 3



3 peaks (1:1:1)
   
   
  
5. 1H: CH4

13C: 1% spin = 1/2
other C: 99% spin = 0

1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (1%, only coupling)
1 × spin = 0 neighbour (99%, no coupling)



3 peaks (1:198:1)
   
   
  
6. 13C: CSe2

77Se: 8% spin = 1/2
other Se: 92% spin = 0

2 × spin = 1/2 neighbours (8%, only coupling)
2 × spin = 0 neighbours (92%, no coupling)



5 peaks (1:46:531:46:1)
   
   
  
7. 1H: AlH4−

27Al: 100% spin = 5/2

1 × spin = 5/2 neighbour
2nI + 1 = 2(1)(5/2) + 1 = 6



6 peaks (1:1:1:1:1:1)
   
   
  
8. 13C: CD2Cl2

2H: 100% spin = 1

2 × spin = 1 neighbours



5 peaks (1:2:3:2:1)
   
   
  
9. 31P: PF6−

19F: 100% spin = 1/2

6 × spin = 1/2 neighbours



7 peaks (1:6:15:20:15:6:1)
   
   
  
10. 19F: TlF

203Tl: 30% spin = 1/2
205Tl: 70% spin = 1/2

1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (70%, largest coupling)
1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (30%, smallest coupling)



4 peaks (7:3:3:7)
   
   
  
11. 1H{13C}: CH3CH2Cl

1H: 100% spin = 1/2

CH2: 3 × spin = 1/2 neighbours
CH3: 2 × spin = 1/2 neighbours



7 peaks (1:3:3:1 : 3:6:3)
   
   
  
12. 19F: GaF4−

69Ga: 60% spin = 3/2
71Ga: 40% spin = 3/2

1 × spin = 3/2 neighbour (60%, smaller coupling)
1 × spin = 3/2 neighbour (60%, larger coupling)



8 peaks (2:3:2:3:3:2:3:2)
   
   
  
13. 31P{1H,13C}: Pt(PPh3)4

195Pt: 33% spin = 1/2
other Pt: 67% spin = 0

1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (33%, only coupling)
1 × spin = 0 neighbours (67%, no coupling)



3 peaks (33:134:33)
   
   
  
14. 13C: CD4

2H: 100% spin = 1

4 × spin = 1 neighbours (1%, only coupling)



9 peaks (1:4:10:16:19:16:10:4:1)
   
   
  
15. 19F: AgF

107Ag: 52% spin = 1/2
109Ag: 48% spin = 1/2

1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (48%, largest coupling)
1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (52%, smallest coupling)



4 peaks (12:13:13:12)
   
   
  
16. 13C: W(CO)6

183W: 14% spin = 1/2
other W: 86% spin = 0

1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (14%, only coupling)
1 × spin = 0 neighbours (86%, no coupling)



3 peaks (7:86:7)
   
   
  
17. 31P{1H,13C}: [P(PEt3)2]+

31P: 100% spin = 1/2

2 × equivalent P: 1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour
Unique P: 2 × spin = 1/2 neighbours



7 peaks (4:4 : 1:2:1)
   
   
  
18. 31P: Cu(PMe3)42+

63Cu: 69% spin = 3/2
65Cu: 31% spin = 3/2

1 × spin = 3/2 neighbour (31%, largest coupling)
1 × spin = 3/2 neighbour (69%, smallest coupling)



8 peaks (31:69:31:69:69:31:69:31)
   
   
  
19. 2H: BD4−

10B: 20% spin = 3
11B: 80% spin = 3/2

1 × spin = 3 neighbour (20%, integer coupling values)
1 × spin = 3/2 neighbour (80%, half-integer coupling values)



11 peaks (1:1:7:1:7:1:7:1:7:1:1)
   
   
  
20. 183W: W(dppe)32+

31P: 100% spin = 1/2

6 × spin = 1/2 neighbours



7 peaks (1:6:15:20:15:6:1)
   
   
  
21. 31P: SePMe3

77Se: 8% spin = 1/2
other Se: 92% spin = 0

1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (8%, only coupling)
1 × spin = 0 neighbour (92%, no coupling)



3 peaks (1:23:1)
   
   
  
22. 1H{13C}: ClCH(CH3)2

1H: 100% spin = 1/2

1 × CH: 6 × spin = 1/2 neighbours
2 × CH3: 1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour



9 peaks (1:6:15:20:15:6:1 : 192:192)
   
   
  
23. 19F{1H,13C}: Me2SiF2

29Si: 5% spin = 1/2
other Si: 95% spin = 0

1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (5%, only coupling)
1 × spin = 0 neighbour (95%, no coupling)



3 peaks (1:38:1)
   
   
  
24. 31P{1H,13C}: cis-PtF2(PPh3)2

195Pt: 33% spin = 1/2
other Pt: 67% spin = 0

1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (33%, only coupling)
1 × spin = 0 neighbours (67%, no coupling)
19F: 100% spin = 1/2




9 peaks (33:66:33 : 134:268:134 : 33:66:33)
   
   
  
25. 15N: ND3

2H: 100% spin = 1

3 × spin = 1 neighbours



7 peaks (1:3:6:7:6:3:1)
   
   
  
26. 31P{1H,13C}: RhCl(PPh3)3

103Rh: 100% spin = 1/2
31P: 100% spin = 1/2

unique P:
1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (Rh, largest coupling), 2 × spin = 1/2 neighbours (P, smallest coupling)
2 × equivalent P:
1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (Rh, largest coupling), 1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour (P, smallest coupling)
19F: 100% spin = 1/2




10 peaks (1:2:1:1:2:1 : 4:4:4:4)
   
   
  
27. 1H{13C}: Cl2CHCH3

1H: 100% spin = 1/2

CH: 3 × spin = 1/2 neighbours
CH3: 1 × spin = 1/2 neighbour



6 peaks (1:3:3:1 : 12:12)
   
   
  
28. 31P{1H,13C}: P(Si(CH3)3)2+

29Si: 5% spin = 1/2
other Si: 95% spin = 0

2 × spin = 1/2 neighbours (5%, only coupling)
2 × spin = 0 neighbours (95%, no coupling)



5 peaks (1:76:1446:76:1)
   
   
  

 

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